(on a national, regional, European and international level)
B. Nistrup Madsen
Présentation
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Introduction
Purpose:
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to outline the topic of the section in broad terms by indicating the state-of-the-art
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to introduce the issues to be raised by the speakers in the section
The overall subject of this conference is co-operation in the field of terminology in Europe, and this first section will deal with co-operation in general on a national, regional, European and international level, while there will be special sections on:
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harmonisation and standardisation
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information and documentation
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resources
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training
As stated in the invitation to this conference the results of the inquiry which was conductedmade among the national and regional terminology associations in Europe showed a great variety of
problems related to
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the lack of co-ordination of activities
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the lack of information on ongoing activities both on a national and European level
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the problems of establishing contacts with other organisations, national bodies, private companies and the European Commission
I am very happy to chair this section on co-operation, especially because the subject of this conference is very relevant for our new Danish centre for terminology - the DANTERM Centre which co-operates with companies and research institutions in Denmark and with terminology centres and organisations on a regional and European level. In my introduction I will therefore start by giving a brief overview of
the situation in Denmark and I will give some information on earlier and on-going co-operation:
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Already since 1940 co-operation on terminology existed in The Terminology Bureau and which stopped its activities in 1959.
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Tthe Danish Terminology Group, was not founded untilin 1974 shortly after Denmark joined the European Community. It is an umbrella organisation for all terminological activities in Denmark comprising for example Business Schools, Sprognævnet The Danish Language Council, the Danish Standardisation Organisation and representatives from the European Commission. Related to and founded by the Danish Terminology Group is a special user group exists, the DANTERM Users Group, comprising a number of bigger companies and institutions. The Danish Terminology Group is participating in the NORDTERM co-operation.
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The Danish Terminology Group has initiated many terminology projects, also in co-operation with other Nordic countries within the NORDTERM co-operation, and it has been the partner in European projects as well for instance in projects with the aim of supplying databanks with Danish terminology. The Terminology Group has also been represented in international standardisation.
But - being a network of institutions - it has not had its own economic resources/funds and first of allso it has not been able to function as a national centre of development and information.
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One very important initiative was the DANTERM project, which aimed at the establishment of a national termbank which could meet the needs of all Danish users.
This project started already in 1976 with support from the Danish Research Council. A very comprehensive data model was designed and implemented at the Copenhagen Business School and the Southern Denmark Business School, but unfortunately it was not possible to obtain resources for large-scale production of terminological data or for service functions. Nevertheless the data model is still used for research and training, and it also forms the basis for the development of other termbases, for example company specific termbases.
During all these years the co-operation between The Danish Terminology Group and research institutions within various fields, such as agriculture and environment, has been very goodprofitable. The relations to industry have also been positive, but they never resulted in substantial fundings for terminology work.
During In the last few years, Danish companies have, however, have become much more aware of the importance of their language work, and there is a growing understanding of the importance of quick access to terminology within specialised fields, and of the use of language technology.
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A report by the Danish Technology Board in 1994 stressed the importance of furthering the development of Language Technology tools for and with Danish.
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Since co-operation and exchange of data is crucial to a small country like Denmark, the report also suggested the development of a Danish Standard for the description of content and structure of lexixal data collections.
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The Danish Technology Board also encouraged the development of a big common dictionary for the use in computer systems.
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Last but not least the report stressed the importance of, and suggested the creation of, a Danish Terminology Centre, which - as a Danish centre of excellence for terminology and termbases - could contribute to the establishment of termbases in companies, further data exchange and eventually maybe realize carry out the idea of creating a national term bank.
The DThe DAANTERM Centre was established during the second half of 1998, and it is foreseen that after a period it may obtain the status of a technological service centre. The objective of the DANTERM Centre is to contribute to the development of know-how within the fields of terminology and term or knowledge bases through co-operation with a number of companies and research institutions and to develop methods and tools for the creation and management of termbanks within these companies. The activities of the first three years are financed by resources from the Danish Agency for Development of Industry and Trade and the Danish Research Councils which fund a project within the framework of a so called centre contract. This project has three contributing partners:
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the DANTERM Centre
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three research institutions
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six Danish companies.
The project will also deal with language policy, strategies for integrating the use of language technology in the working processes of and quality management.
The activities of the first three years are financed by resources from the Danish Agency for Development of Industry and Trade and the Danish Research Councils which fund a project within the framework of a so called centre contract.
This project has three contributing partners:
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the DANTERM Centre
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three research institutions
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six Danish companies.
At the momet the DANTERcentre has empolyeesThe Centre Contract has made it possible to employ 3 full time persons with a background in terminology and language technology, and fFrom August 1999 two PhD students will be attached to the project to do further work on subject areas related to the project .
The DANTERM Centre also participates in two European Commission MLIS projects: "Terminology Documentation Centre Network" and "NORDTERM-Net".
These two projects will be dealt with in separate papers during this conference.
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In this Section on co-operation Henrik Nilsson from the Swedish Centre for Technical Terminology will talk about the NORDTERM-Net project,
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and in the Section on Information and Documentation Christian Galinski from Infoterm will give a paper on terminology infrastructure with a focus on the TDC-Net.
One of the characteristics of the co-operation in the NORDTERM-Net project is that it is based on the use of the Internet for establishing a NORDTERM-forum and a Nordtermbank.
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The use of a Web site and e-mail for co-operation and discussions on terminology is also a characteristic feature of the project EFCOT project, a European Forum for Computer Terminology, which is carried out in co-operation between Sweden, Norway, Finland and Greece.
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Åse Holmer from the Swedish Centre for Technical Terminology will present this project, which is based on working methods used in a Swedish Joint Group for Swedish Computer Terminology, JOGSCOT.
It is our experience from the DANTERM centre in Denmark, that the extended use of technology contributes to the break down of communication barriers between companies. Also the companies meet in workshops and discuss methods and problems quite openly with each other.
Two other papers in this morning section will focus on national and regional co-operation.
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Daniel Gouadec from Université de Rennes 2, will talk about co-operation by means of language forums, common systems for entering terminological data, co-operation on terminology projects and terminology education.
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Loïc Depecker from Université de Paris III will talk about the panlatin terminology network (Realiter). This project is constantly adapting its working methods to the use of new technology, e.g. the Internet, and is also gaining from this process.
[It is our experience in from the DANTERMcenter project in Denmark, that the extended use of technology contributes to the disappearance break down of the barriers of communication barriers between companies. Since we started in late 1998, the companies who had severe "fire walls", almost hindering e-mail communication, have removed these barriers. Also the companies meet in workshops and discuss methods and problems quite openly with each other.]
Co-operation is also very important on an international level M.J. de Saint Robert from will talk about co-operation between language centres of international organisations.
International co-operation on principles and methods of terminology is carried out in TC 37 of the International Standardisation Organisation. In the subcommittees of TC 37 many specialists in the field of terminology work and computer aided terminology work together in producing standards and guidelines and o. One should not underestimate the importance of this work, which brings together people from many countries.
There are very important advantages in co-operating on a European level, namely
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the advantages of knowledge accumulation and knowledge transfer and
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the advantages of concentration of resources.
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The European Commission plays a very important role in encouraging to and financing projects as for example the NORDTERM-Net and the TDC-Net projects. It is a well known fact that it is a time-consuming time-
consuming job to set up an application for an EU project and to write technical or financial reports, partly because only projects comprising partners from different sectors and countries will receive fundings. But this requirement secures co-operation which leads to co-ordination of and information about activities.
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The invited speakers of this first Section on co-operation are Poul Andersen and Bent Hauschildt from the European Commission.
Poul Andersen and Bent Hauschildt are both Danes, and they have a background in LSP and terminology. (It is a special pleasure for me to introduce you, and I look forward to your presentation.)
The invited speakers of this first Section on co-operation are P oul Andersen and Bent Hauschildt from the European Commission, who will talk about .